Introduction to nonlinear effects involving in the process of supercontinuum generation. Supercontinuum generation in chalcogenide layered spiral. Whitelight supercontinuum generation in normally dispersive optical fiber using original multiwavelength pumping system. Characteristics of supercontinuum generation in birefringent optical fibers y. Osa temperatureassisted broadly tunable supercontinuum. Limits of coherent supercontinuum generation in normal dispersion fibers alexander m.
Midir supercontinuum generation from nonsilica microstructured optical fibers. Pdf numerical solver for supercontinuum generation in. Coherent supercontinuum generation in tellurite glass regular. Supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fibers. Pdf whitelight supercontinuum generation in normally.
In the normal dispersion regime, soliton dynamics are suppressed and the sc generation process is mainly due to selfphase modulation and optical wave breaking. Photonic crystal fiber supercontinuum generation applications supercontinuum generation, pulse compression, solitons, etc. Midinfrared supercontinuum generation in a suspendedcore. To date, most of the experiments have been performed using highpeakpower nanosecond. Supercontinuum generation in scg800 photonic crystal fiber. The layered spiral microstructured optical fiber lsmof design allows higher nonlinearities than the most common microstructured optical fibers. Designing of specialty optical fibers for femtosecond pulsepumped nonlinear frequency conversion allows to assume short propagation distances. Solid core photonic band gap fibers have been also investigated to generate supercontinuum in the visible region 65. In particular, an ensemble average over multiple simulations performed with random quantum noise on the input pulse allows the coherence of the supercontinuum to be quantified in terms of the dependence of the degree of first. Coherent supercontinuum generation in a silicon photonic. Pdf supercontinuum generation in chalcogenide layered.
By 1995, a 200nmwide supercontinuum was used to produce a 200channel wdm source morioka et al. Frequently, one uses photonic crystal fibers, which can be made with tailored chromatic dispersion properties and often also exhibit increased nonlinearity due to strong mode confinement. Pdf supercontinuum generation in optical fibers researchgate. Fiber length shorter than 1 cm sufficed for hyperspectral supercontinuum generation in a tellurite glass suspended core fiber. No more oh absorption peak is observable at 1400 nm. Supercontinuum generation in integrated photonics platforms. Supercontinuum sc generation towards the midinfrared mir range is an active field of research and development motivated by a wide range of applications including optical coherence tomography oct, material processing, optical sensing and absorption spectroscopy. Supercontinuum generation is the formation of broad. Some special solutions, which are less widely used, are briefly mentioned in the following. The fiber is pumped by 100 fs pulses with a repetition rate of 76 mhz. Supercontinuum generation and pulse compression in short fibers for optical pulses generated by 1.
Utilizing temperatureassisted dispersion tailoring, the generation of dispersive waves. Supercontinuum generation from in tense partially coherent. First, we demonstrated sc generation with a 10db spectral bandwidth of 430nm in a fiber ring laser with conventional nonlinear fiber. Ultraflat, broadband, and highly coherent supercontinuum.
Optical supercontinuum generation in the proposed fiber using a 1064 nm pump source with peak power of 1kw has been also presented. Supercontinuum generation in microstructured fibers and. Design of allnormal dispersion microstructured optical. Limits of coherent supercontinuum generation in normal. Osa ultraviolet supercontinuum generation in optical fibers. Introduction supercontinuum sc generation in optical fiber is a complex process of interplaying of kerr effect, raman effect, and dispersion properties of fiber, it has been widely demonstrated and well understood in all pump. Our new approach uses the effect of stimulated stokes raman scattering in a low loss fiber. Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers updated and additional source code.
Supercontinuum generation by photonic crystal fibers roland michaely. Both doublecrossover nano dna structure and copperionmodified structure provided a sufficiently high optical nonlinearity within a short length of hollow optical fiber. Pdf supercontinuum generation in weblike microstructure. Pdf midir supercontinuum generation from nonsilica. The optical fiber based supercontinuum source has recently become a significant scientific and commercial success, with applications ranging from frequency comb production to advanced medical imaging.
Supercontinuum generation in weblike microstructure optical fiber article pdf available in chinese optics letters 10s1. Inaoe, 11042012 2 outline short historical background on supercontinuum. Supercontinuum generation in microstructure fiber an historical note j. We report on the experimental demonstration of a whitelight supercontinuum generation in normally dispersive singlemode airsilica microstructured fiber. A theoretical study on the supercontinuum generation in a.
We theoretically propose a novel liquid filled suspended core photonic crystal fiber as a new class of microstructure optical fiber for ultrabroad supercontinuum generation. Numerical simulations have been used to study broadband supercontinuum generation in optical fibers with dispersion and nonlinearity characteristics typical of photonic crystal or tapered fiber. In particular, an ensemble average over multiple simulations performed with random quantum noise on the input pulse allows the coherence of the supercontinuum to be quantified in terms of the dependence of the degree of firstorder. We demonstrate that the simultaneous excitation of the microstuctured fiber in its normal and anomalous dispersion regimes using the fundamental and second harmonic signals of a passively qswitched microchip laser leads to a homogeneous. In many cases, results obtained in pcfs have inspired similar work using optical fiber tapers or highly nonlinear fibers hnlfs presenting comparable enhanced. Sapphire laser such as the tsunami or mai tai ultrafast oscillators. A dramatic change occurred in 2000 when new kinds of bers were used to produce a supercontinuum extending nm. We also define coupled power as the power of the supercontinuum measured after the collimating. Coherence properties of supercontinuum spectra generated. In some of these experiments using short pump pulses, soliton fission was experimentally demonstrated 17,20. Numerical solver for supercontinuum generation in multimode optical fibers article pdf available in optics express 2112. Supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber. Supercontinuum generation is a process where laser light is converted to light with a very broad spectral bandwidth i. Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers updated.
Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers edited by j. We emphasize the advantage of liquid infiltration in enhancing the fiber nonlinearity. The article collection in this feature issue presents the most recent experimental and numerical studies of supercontinuum generation in bulk nonlinear media, photonic crystal fibers, and waveguides. Several types of microstructured optical fibers with optimized designs, have been developed during the recent years in order to enhance the supercontinuum generation. We describe the generation of a highpower, spectrally smooth supercontinuum sc in the 1600nm spectral band for ultrahighresolution optical coherence tomography uhroct. Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers updated source code. The optical fiber based supercontinuum source has recently become a significant scientific and commercial success. Numerical simulation results are shown using the properties of nonsilica microstructured fibers for. Highpower supercontinuum generation using highrepetition. Supercontinuum generation with photonic crystal fibers fau. Cambridge university press cambridge, newyork, melbourne, madrid, cape town, singapore, sao paulo, delhi, dubai, tokyo cambridge university press. Broadband supercontinuum generation using a hollow optical. Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers request pdf. Figure 6 from whitelight supercontinuum generation in.
Ultraflat, broadband, and highly coherent supercontinuum generation in allsolid microstructured optical fibers with allnormal dispersion. Supercontinuum generation and pulse compression in short. Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers the optical. S10602310604 june 2012 with 26 reads how we measure reads.
Supercontinuum generation by photonic crystal fibers. More than an octavespanning sc generation was demonstrated from specialty optical fibers such as highly nonlinear fiber 7, photonics crystal fiber 8, dispersion shifted fiber 9, and small. Although supercontinuum generation can be observed in a drop of water given enough pumping power, photonic crystal fibers are ideal media for supercontinuum generation as the dispersion can be designed to facilitate continuum generation in a specific region. The supercontinuum generation results generally from the synergy between several fundamental nonlinear processes, such as selfphase modulation, crossphase modulation, stimulated raman scattering, and fourwave mixing. Supercontinuum generation in silica fibers by amplified. This page contains the original and in the future some updated matlab source code for simulating pulse propagation and supercontinuum generation in optical fiber as described by j. Supercontinuum generation in tellurite optical fibers. Mar 31, 2017 this chapter presents a state of the art of infrared supercontinuum generation in heavy oxide tellurite optical fibers from the experimental results published by the international community. Second, we proposed and demonstrated a new and efficient approach to generation of a cw sc in optical fibers pumped by a cw ase light. Biochemical and environmental sensing highpower beam delivery extreme zerodispersion wavelengths, dispersion flattened fibers, etc.
Sep 17, 2019 supercontinuum white light lasers have become a wellestablished turnkey fiberlaser technology addressing a wide range of applications from biomedicalimaging to optical device characterization, where they add value due to their unique combination of optical parameters, including an extremely wide spectral coverage from 400 nm to 2400 nm, several w of optical output power, and a perfect. While optical fibers have been the workhorse of supercontinuum generation since its inception, integrated waveguide based sources of supercontinuum have become an active area of research in the twenty first century. The optical fiber based supercontinuum source has recently become a significant scientific and commercial success, with applications ranging from frequency comb production to advanced medical. Pdf in this paper, we studied sc generation in fiber lasers and in optical fibers pumped by different light sources which include fs and ps pulse. Supercontinuum generation in transparent bulk media results from femtosecond filamentation, which involves a complex interplay among linear diffraction and gvd and nonlinear effects self. Supercontinuum refers to a continuum of optical frequencies, or light with a very broad spectral bandwidth. Taylor imperial college of science, technology and medicine, london. Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers and its.
Sapphire laser at 800 nm wavelength e hollow core pcf. Install the collimating objective 20x, after the scg800 and adjust it to collimate the output beam. Cambridge core electronic, optoelectronic devices, and nanotechnology supercontinuum generation in optical fibers edited by j. Supercontinuum work with optical bers continued during 1990s with telecom applications in mind. Coherence properties of supercontinuum spectra generated in. As a first part, a bibliographic table gathers the literature on which this work is based. Supercontinuum generation due to slow nonlinear response in a liquid filled photonic. Supercontinuum sc generation has become an active research topic over the last few years12 3 456789 because of its unique application in diverse fields, such as in optical coherence tomography. The newport supercontinuum kit is a complete solution from newport and spectraphysics designed specifically for the generation of supercontinuum with a femtosecond ti. Rp photonics encyclopedia supercontinuum generation. We propose an alternative technique for generating a tunable supercontinuum in a liquidfilled chalcogenide capillary optical fiber exhibiting three zerodispersion wavelengths. It also introduces new results of design and fabrication of these structures with engineered dispersion, development of new diagnostic tools, as well as applications of spectral broadening and. A clean sc was achieved by using a highly nonlinear.
Characteristics of supercontinuum generation in birefringent. Mar 02, 2020 supercontinuum sc generation towards the midinfrared mir range is an active field of research and development motivated by a wide range of applications including optical coherence tomography oct, material processing, optical sensing and absorption spectroscopy. Supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fibers and optical fiber tapers. This means that the temporal coherence is very low but with important restrictions see below. These chipscale platforms promise to miniaturize supercontinuum. We report on a new and simple approach for continuous wave supercontinuum generation in optical fibers.
After a brief introduction on pulse propagation in optical fibers, we provide an overview of the different nonlinear. We experimentally demonstrated supercontinuum generation through a hollow core photonic bandgap fiber hcpbgf filled with dna nanocrystals modified by copper ions in a solution. Supercontinuum generation for ultrahighresolution optical coherence tomography at wavelength of 0. Although supercontinuum generation can be observed in a drop of water given enough pumping power, photonic crystal fibers are ideal media for supercontinuum generation as the dispersion can be designed to facilitate continuum generation in. Coupling efficiency we define coupling efficiency as the ratio of the power measured after the collimating objective and the laser power measured before the focusing objective. Supercontinuum generation in optical fibers book, 2010. Supercontinuum generation in nonlinear optical fibers. Supercontinuum generation has also recently been investigated experimentally in several chipscale integrated nonlinear optical platforms 1520. Supercontinuum generation using microstructured optical fibers. Supercontinuum generation in photonics crystal fibers.
Supercontinuum light with a spectrum more than two octaves broad 3701545 nm at the 20db level was generated in a standard telecommunications fiber by femtosecond pulses from an unamplified ti. The continuum is generated in the fundamental fiber mode. This paper provides an overview of the peculiar dispersive and nonlinear properties exhibited by these fibers, including the supercontinuum generation by femtosecond pumping. Finite difference time domain method fdtd has been employed to examine the optical properties such as fiber birefringence, mode field, vparameter, walkoff and optical nonlinearity, while the. Infrared continuum power spectrum obtained in a microstructured fiber fabricated at ircom with non flame fused silica glass. It has applications for studies of nonlinear pulse propagation and spectral broadening in optical fibers. B optical microscope picture of a singlemode fiber with zero dispersion at wavelengths around 800 nm.
Price,2 and thomas feurer1 1institute of applied physics, university of bern, sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 bern, switzerland. Figure 6 supercontinuum formed with pumping at different wavelengths in a fiber with zero dispersion at approximately 900 nm. Dudley in chapter 3 of the book supercontinuum generation in optical fibers edited by j. Recently, the generation of coherent, octavespanning, and recompressible supercontinuum sc light has been demonstrated in optical fibers with allnormal group velocity dispersion gvd behavior by femtosecond pumping. Supercontinuum generation in specialty optical fibers for sc generation, optical fiber generally needs both high nonlinear coefficient and appropriate dispersion curve to meet the phase matching conditions required for nonlinear effects7. To further enhance the nonlinearity of the liquidinfiltrated fibers, we introduce a suspended liquid core photonic crystal fiber which. Ultrahighresolution optical coherence tomography in 1.
Broadband continua extending from 400 to 1600 nm are generated in photonic crystal fibers and in tapered conventional optical fibers. Inaoe, 27042011 2 outline short historical background on supercontinuum. Numerical simulations have been used in studies of the temporal and spectral features of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal and tapered optical fibers. Cambridge core optics, optoelectronics and photonics supercontinuum generation in optical fibers edited by j. Pdf supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fibers.
We use a dealiased pseudospectral method with integration performed by an eighthorder rungekutta integration scheme using adaptive stepsize control 1, 2 which is more precise than the widelyused splitstep method. In many cases, optical fibers are used for supercontinuum generation. This is also the reason that it is informally known as. Fiber birefringence is an important optical property, which has been exploited in coherent optical communications as well as in the fabrication of fiber optic sensors.
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